Repair of the anophthalmic cavity of rats with synthetic hydroxyapatite

We placed spheres of synthetic hydroxyapatite (calcium chloride combined with sodium phosphate) in the eviscerated or enucleated orbital cavity of rats in order to evaluate the biocompatibility of this material with the orbital cavity. The study was conducted on 50 albino rats, 25 of which were submitted to enucleation and 25 to evisceration of one eye. The animals were sacrificed 7, 15, 21, 30 and 60 days after surgery and the orbital content was submitted to histopathological examination. A reaction of the young granulation tissue type was observed first. The hydroxyapatite was gradually surrounded by a granulomatous macrophage inflammatory response and covered with dense connective tissue that formed a sort of" mesh" septating and supporting progressively smaller blocks of the substance. The same type of reaction was observed in the enucleated and eviscerated cavities. We conclude that synthetic hydroxyapatite is an inert nonallergenic material which is appropriate for volume replacement in the anophthalmic cavit

Repair of the anophthalmic cavity of rats with synthetic hydroxyapatite

We placed spheres of synthetic hydroxyapatite (calcium chloride combined with sodium phosphate) in the eviscerated or enucleated orbital cavity of rats in order to evaluate the biocompatibility of this material with the orbital cavity. The study was conducted on 50 albino rats, 25 of which were submitted to enucleation and 25 to evisceration of one eye. The animals were sacrificed 7, 15, 21, 30 and 60 days after surgery and the orbital content was submitted to histopathological examination. A reaction of the young granulation tissue type was observed first. The hydroxyapatite was gradually surrounded by a granulomatous macrophage inflammatory response and covered with dense connective tissue that formed a sort of" mesh" septating and supporting progressively smaller blocks of the substance. The same type of reaction was observed in the enucleated and eviscerated cavities. We conclude that synthetic hydroxyapatite is an inert nonallergenic material which is appropriate for volume replacement in the anophthalmic cavit

Prevalence Of Pterygium In Botucatu City - São Paulo State, Brazil [prevalência De Pterígio No Município De Botucatu - Estado De São Paulo, Brasil]

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of pterygium in a population-based sample at Botucatu City - São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study with randomized clustered sampling of households was conducted in the urban area of the Botucatu City - São Paulo State, Brazil and 85.1% of the intended sample was evaluated. All participants were submitted to ophthalmologic examination and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: The prevalence of pterygium lesion in Botucatu City was 8.12% (7.0% CI < 9.2%), affecting mainly males (10.4% males X 6.5% females - 8.5% < CI 12.3% for males and 5.1% < CI < 7.8% for females) with 49.6 ± 14.9 years old in average; 32.18% of the pterygium carriers aged between 40 and 50 years. Conclusions: The prevalence of pterygium at Botucatu is 8.12%, affecting most frequently 40-50 year-old males.734343345Saw, S.M., Banerjee, K., Tan, D., Risk factors for the development of pterygium in Singapore: A hospital based case-control study (2000) Acta Ophthalmol, 78 (2), pp. 216-220Cameron, M.E., Geographic distribution of pterygium (1962) Trans Ophthalmol Soc Aust, 22, pp. 67-81Cornand, G., Pterygium. Course and treatment (1990) J Fr Ophtalmol., 13 (1-2), pp. 33-45. , ReviewGarrido, C., Carvalho, R.C., Garrido Neto, T., Magalhães, L.C., Cohen, J., Cunha, M., Avaliação da acuidade visual e da ceratometria após a cirurgia do pterígio (1996) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 59 (6), pp. 614-616Garrido Neto, T., Garrido, C., Carvalho, R.C., Lima, H.C., Estudo da frequencia de pterígio em Hospitais de Salvador e Manaus (1996) Rev Bras Ofaltamol, 55 (9), pp. 683-686Schellini, S.A., Veloso, C.E.R., Lopes, W., Padovani, C.R., Padovani, C.R.P., Características de portadores de pterígio na região de Botucatu (2005) Arq Bras Oftalmol, 68 (3), pp. 291-294Silva, M.R.B., Schellini, S.A., Kamegasawa, A., Heimbeck, F.J., Carandina, L., Levantamento de cegueira em Botucatu - prevalência e causas (1986) Rev Bras Oftalmol, 45 (1), pp. 18-23Alves, M.R., Vitor, G., O tratamento do pterígio (2005) Rev Bras Oftalmol, 64 (5), pp. 351-362Rojas, J.R., Malaga, H., Pterygium in Lima, Peru (1986) Ann Ophthalmol, 18 (4), pp. 147-149Gazzard, G., Saw, S.M., Farook, M., Koh, D., Widjaja, D., Chia, S.E., Pterygium in Indonesia: Prevalence, severity and risk factors (2002) Br J Ophthalmol, 86 (12), pp. 1341-1346Ebana Mvogo, C., Bella-Hiag, A., Ngosso, A., Ellong, A., Lê pterygion: Aspects épidé-miologiques cliniques et thérapeutiques a l'hôpital general de Douala (1997) Méd d́Afrique Noire, 44 (5), pp. 290-292Wlodarczyk, J., White, P., Cockrum, P., Taylor, H., Pterygium in Australia: A cost of illness study (2001) Clin Experiment Ophthalmol, 29 (6), pp. 370-375. , Comment in: Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2002;30(4):312Tan, D., Tang, W.Y., Liu, Y.P., Goh, H.S., Smith, D.R., Apoptosis and apoptosis related gene expression in normal conjunctiva and pterygium (2000) Br J Ophthalmol, 84 (2), pp. 212-216Alves, M.R., Pterígio (1999) Conjuntiva cirúrgica, pp. 59-66. , Alves MR. São Paulo: RocaMackenzie, F.D., Hirst, L.W., Battistutta, D., Green, A., Risk analysis in the development of pterygia (1992) Ophthalmology, 99 (7), pp. 1056-1061Mccarty, C.A., Fu, C.L., Taylor, H.R., Epidemiology of pterygium in Victoria, Australia (2000) Br J Ophthalmol, 84 (3), pp. 289-292Tang, F.C., Chen, S.C., Lee, H.S., Lin, W.F., Chou, M.C., Lee, M.C., Relationship between pterygium/pinguecula and sunlight exposure among postmen in central Taiwan (1999) Zonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei), 62 (8), pp. 496-502Christov, R., Forno, E.A., Campagna, C.M., Bechara, S.J., José, N.K., Análise histopatológica de pterígios primários e recidivados (1991) Rev Bras Oftalmol, 50 (4), pp. 59-6

Short-term evaluation of non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite infiltration in the guinea pig subepidermal abdominal region

Non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite was infiltrated into the subepidermal abdominal region of guinea pigs in order to assess the possibility of using this material to correct deficiencies in orbital volume. Microgranular hydroxyapatite (2.0 ml) was subepidermally infiltrated into the abdominal region of 20 guinea pigs. The animals were divided into four experimental groups of 5 animals each, which were killed 7 (G1), 15 (G2), 30 (G3) and 60 (G4) days after infiltration. The area and the largest and smallest diameters of the nodules formed by infiltration were evaluated at the site of infiltration and histological examination was performed. The mean granuloma area was similar in all groups. Histopathological examination showed that the material remained isolated from surrounding tissues by a pseudocapsule that became denser throughout the experiment. A host reaction started with young fibroblastic tissue that evolved to dense tissue until cartilaginous tissue was formed in G4, progressively advancing towards the center of the granuloma from G1 to G4. Non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite is an inert material that was well tolerated by the animals studied, with maintenance of the infiltrated volume, and may perhaps be useful to fill anophthalmic cavities